List of transducers

• Electrochemical:
• pH probe
• electro-galvanic fuel cell
• Electromechanical:
• (electromechanical output devices are generically called actuators)
• electroactive polymers a
• galvanometer
• MEMS
• motor, linear motor
• potentiometer when used for measuring position
• strain gauge
• switch
• Electroacoustic:
• gramophone pick-up
• hydrophone - converts changes in water pressure into an electrical form
• loudspeaker, earphone - converts changes in electrical signals into acoustic form
• microphone - converts changes in air pressure into an electrical signal
• piezoelectric crystal - converts pressure changes into electrical form
• Photoelectric:
• Laser diode, light-emitting diode - convert electrical power into forms of light
• photodiode, phototransistor, photomultiplier tube - converts changing light levels into electrical form
• Electromagnetic:
• cathode ray tube (CRT) - converts electrical signals into visual form
• fluorescent lamp, light bulb - converts electrical power into visible light
• magnetic cartridge - converts motion into electrical form
• photocell or light-dependent resistor (LDR) - converts changes in light levels into resistance changes
• tape head - converts changing magnetic fields into electrical form
• Hall effect sensor - converts a magnetic field level into electrical form
• Electrostatic:
• electrometer
• liquid crystal display (LCD)
• Thermoelectric:
• thermocouple
• Peltier cooler
• thermistor (includes PTC resistor and NTC resistor)
• Other:
• Geiger-Müller tube used for measuring radioactivity.